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Resources and search tips for researching companies.
SEC Filings & EDGAR
Companies required to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) include:
- U.S. publicly-traded parent companies
- International companies traded on U.S. stock exchanges
SEC filings and financial statement data for public companies may be found in the following sources:
- Company's Investor Relations webpages.
- EDGAR (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission SEC).
- UTSA databases, where financials may be exported for analysis.
Common SEC Forms
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 put in place requirements for disclosure documents filed by public companies. These documents are subject to review by the SEC Division of Corporation Finance. The most common SEC forms are:
- 10-KAnnual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The 10-K includes a business overview, risk factors, legal proceedings, selected financial data, management's discussion/analysis, corporate structure and subsidiaries, financial statements and footnotes, auditor's report, directors, executive officers and corporate governance, executive compensation, and more. Often you may find segment, market share information, key brands, etc. Although similarly named, the annual report on Form 10-K differs from the often glossy annual report to shareholders, which a company must send to its shareholders when it holds an annual meeting to elect directors. Some companies release the annual report and the 10-K as one document.
- 10-QGeneral form for quarterly reports under Section 13 or 15(d).
- 8-KCovers special material events that occur between 10-K and 10-Q filings.
- Proxy StatementSent to shareholders before any annual or special shareholder meeting. The statement includes voting procedures and information, background information about the company's nominated directors, director compensation, executive compensation, a breakdown of audit and non-audit fees paid to the auditor. This statement is useful in assessing how management is paid and potential conflict-of-interest issues with auditors.
- SEC FormsA complete listing of all SEC forms may be found on the SEC website.
Explore EDGAR
- EDGAR (Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval) (SEC.gov)A database which performs automated collection, validation, indexing, acceptance, and forwarding of submissions by companies required by law to file forms with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Please note that not all documents filed with SEC are available on EDGAR. Online documents on EDGAR go back to 1996.
Key Databases: Finding SEC Filings
- Compustat (WRDS) This link opens in a new windowRequires a WRDS account. UTSA faculty, graduate students and staff only.
Comparing Company Ratios Against Industry Benchmarks
- Industry Financials and RatiosReview resources on industry ratios in the Industry Guide.
Understanding Financial Statements
Financial Statement Analysis by ISBN: 9781119457145Publication Date: 2022The updated, real-world guide to interpreting and unpacking GAAP and non-GAAP financial statements In Financial Statement Analysis, 5th Edition, leading investment authority Martin Fridson returns with Fernando Alvarez to provide the analytical framework you need to scrutinize financial statements, whether you're evaluating a company's stock price or determining valuations for a merger or acquisition. Rather than taking financial statements at face value, you'll learn practical and straightforward analytical techniques for uncovering the reality behind the numbers. This fully revised and up-to-date 5th Edition offers fresh information that will help you to evaluate financial statements in today's volatile markets and uncertain economy. The declining connection between GAAP earnings and stock prices has introduced a need to discriminate between instructive and misleading non-GAAP alternatives. This book integrates the alternatives and provides guidance on understanding the extent to which non-GAAP reports, particularly from US companies, may be biased. Understanding financial statements is an essential skill for business professionals and investors. Most books on the subject proceed from the questionable premise that companies' objective is to present a true picture of their financial condition. A safer assumption is that they seek to minimize the cost of raising capital by portraying themselves in the most favorable light possible. Financial Statement Analysis teaches readers the tricks that companies use to mislead, so readers can more clearly interpret statements. Learn how to read and understand financial statements prepared according to GAAP and non-GAAP standards Compare CFROI, EVA, Valens, and other non-GAAP methodologies to determine how accurate companies' reports are.
Financial Statements by ISBN: 9783031156625Publication Date: 2022Through a mixture of concepts and examples, the second edition of this book demystifies the variety of elements of financial accounting and uncovers the need-to-know information for certification in this field. This book covers the two aspects of financial statement analysis, namely quantitative and non-quantitative analysis. Unique to the second edition, the book will also cover Non-GAA- metrics and valuation accounting. Concluding with helpful and updated case studies, the book will appeal to students and academics of financial accounting.
